WATER MIST SYSTEM
The water mist protection system optimizes the amount of water, maximizing the effective water volume through the distribution of droplets of very small size. This method improves a cooling effect for a determined amount of water, reducing the necessary volume. Therefore, damages compared to conventional sprinkler systems are minimized.
LPG designs its systems in compliance with the highest quality and safety standards in the market with its own patented technology. Allow for real operation tests and check the extinguishing system accordingly. LPG has developed water mist systems with its own know-how validating designs in known international labs.
What is Water Mist?
Water Mist is defined as a water spray for which the 90% (TS 14972) of the flow-weighted cumulative volumetric distribution of water droplets, Dv0.90, is less than 1000 microns. This Value is found at the minimumdesign operating pressure and is measured in a plane 1m from the nozzle. A water spray with Dv0.99 of the droplets less than 1000microns (NFPA 750)
Fire Triangle
Fuel Types (NFPA 750)
Class A
• I.e. wood, paper
Low Flashpoint class B
• I.e. Gasoline
High Flashpoint class B
• I.e. Diesel
Class C
• Cables
• European standard (EN-2): Class E
Class K
• Cooking Oil
• European standard (EN-2): Class F
How Water Mist Works
Atomization
| Diameter (mm) | Number of Drops | Surface Area (m2) | Example |
| 10 | 1 | 0.000314 | ESFR |
| 1 | 1000 | 0.314 | Residential |
| 0.01 | 1,000,000 | 314 | Water Mist |
Water Mist Fire Fighting
. 335kJ to heat 1 liter of water from 20-100 °C
. 2257 kJ to convert water to steam
. Vaporization displaces air equivalent to 1650 times its original volume. Locally inerting the flame front.
Small Water Droplets
Small droplets absorb heat faster, using water at much higher efficiency.
| Diameter (mm) | Number of Drops | Surface Area (m2) | Example |
| 10 | 1 | 0.000314 | ESFR |
| 1 | 1000 | 0.314 | Residential |
| 0.01 | 1,000,000 | 314 | Water Mist |
Demonstrative Cooling Effect
Demonstrative Oxygen Displacement
Design Standards & Protocols
Design/ Installation Standard
• BS8489 – 1:2016
• CEN/TS 14972
• FM 4-2
• NFPA750
- Installation and maintenance criteria
- Duration
- Design Area
- No Nozzle design Criteria
Fire & Component Test Protocol
Land • FM5560
• FM5580
• VdS
• UL2167
• TS14972
Marine
• IMO Circ 265 (old Res A.800)
• IMO 1165
• IMO 1387 (old IMO 913)
- Fire test performance
- Component performance
Performance Based Design
“An engineering approach to fire protection that allows for the implementation of alternative designs, methods and technologies to meet the functional and operational needs of a facility"
All Standards (Ex. NFPA750, TS14972, …) allows for non-approved solutions if deemed to perform as intended.
Types of Water Mist Systems
High Pressure Water Mist System
A water mist system where the distribution system piping is exposed to pressures of 34.5bar or greater (500psi).
Intermediate Pressure System
A water mist system where the distribution system piping is exposed to pressures of greater than 12.1 bar (175psi) but less than 34.5 bar (500psi).
Low Pressure Water Mist System
A water mist system where the distribution system piping is exposed to pressures of 12.1bar or less (175psi).
Does Pressure Matter?
• NFPA 750 introduced pressure definitions – high, intermediate & low
• But, identical applications proven by technologies based on all pressure – third party approval critical
• New CEN and BS draft standards remove pressure definition
Water Quality
The water supply for a water mist system should be taken from a source that is equivalent in quality to a potable source with respect to particulate and dissolved solids or from a source of natural seawater.
LPG AQUAFOG - High Pressure Water Mist System
How It Works
Working pressure between 50 and 200 bar, producing droplets of small diameters at high speed. The high speed of the droplets means that the mist can penetrate the hot fumes and reach the combustion area quickly Broad range of tested solutions for various applications.
Cylinder System
A bank of cylinders filled with water and master cylinders of Nitrogen stored at 200 bar.
• FM 5560 Approved
• Common suppression hardware
• 80L Cylinder Capacity
• Electrical & Pneumatic Actuation
Pump System
• 3 solutions to support wide range of installations (all with Jockey pump option), Single-Horizontal-Vertcal
• Electrical & Diesel configurations – Stainless Steel
• Electrical configurations - Brass
• Fixed Volumetric Displacement (9 pistons)
• Water&Oil Lubricated
• Max. Pressure 160 Bar
• 3 phase
• Star-Delta Starting
• IP55
Pressure Transducer
• 0 – 250 bar operating pressure
• Pump Start
• Pump Monitoring
• Confirm Activation
Pressure Relief Valve
• 120 – 160 bar operating pressure
• Full flow
Nozzles
Control Valves
Piping
Sizing of pipes
• Diameters according to the hydraulic calculations
Pipe and fittings
• Stainless steel pipe AISI 316L seamless DIN-2462
• Fittings PN315 with bi-cone nut-ring connection, or form connection
Installation shall be earthed
Bracket in accordance with installation standard
LPG AQUAMIST ULF - Low Pressure Water Mist System
How It Works
Working pressure between 7 and 16 bar, producing fine water droplets through an engineered discharge nozzle. It can be used to protect same hazards than High Pressure solutions.
Pump System
• Outputs, potential free contacts
• Duty with jockey pump
• Duty + Standby with jockey pump
• Main pumps
200lpm
400lpm
600lpm
• Start / test unit
• Pump Cooling, solenoid valve,
protecting against overheating
• Flow switch, fire alarm
• Pressure reducing valve
DN 50
Build in Pump skid
• Strainer
Bronze
2" female thread connections
Screen Stainless Steel Aisi 304
0.75mm diameter holes
Nozzles
Control Valves
Piping
Sizing of pipes
• Diameters according to the hydraulic calculations
Pipe and fittings
• Stainless steel pipe AISI 316L / 304
• Fittings may be threaded
Installation shall be earthed
Bracket in accordance with installation standard
LPG AQUASONIC - Hybrid Water Mist System
The AQUASONIC Water-Atomizing Fire Suppression System is a revolution in Class B fire protection technology. The high performance fire suppression system is specifically engineered to protect special hazard applications including combustion turbine enclosures, machinery spaces, generator enclosures, and flammable liquid storage areas.
The system utilizes non-toxic and readily available extinguishing media (water and nitrogen). Two supersonic atomizers create 1.5 trillion superfine water droplets per second, producing a combined surface area of 1302 ft2 (121.0 m2) per second. This is equivalent to the surface of an Olympic-size soccer field in one minute.
Plus, the atomizers propel the droplets at high velocity throughout the combustion zone. The AQUASONIC atomizer features 100% machined stainless steel construction for superior strength, no internal moving parts for extreme dependability, and multiple mounting options for ease of installation.
Atomizer
The AQUASONIC system can protect a potential hazard with a free volume up to 9200 ft3 (260 m3) with two atomizers that use low pressure, dual flow, advanced atomization technology to create a minimum 10-minute discharge plume of water droplets that are the optimum size to suppress a Class B fire.
The AQUASONIC system has been fire tested within compartmentalized areas and found effective for the suppression of a wide variety of exposed and shielded Class B hydrocarbon pool, spray, and gravity fires.
